| SUPPOSED "LATER" HEBREW WORDS IN ECCLESIASTES. Appendix 76 To The Companion Bible. | ||
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It is alleged by some modern critics that the Book of Ecclesiastes belongs to a much later date, and was written by a later hand, because certain words are alleged to belong to a later period of Hebrew literature. Several of these words are noted in the margin, but it may be useful to the student to find them together in one list. |
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i.
kanas,
"gathered",
chapter
2:8.
But it occurs in
Psalms
33:7;
147:2.
Ezekiel
22:21;
39:28.
ii.
medinah,
"provinces",
chapter
2:8;
5:8.
But it is found in
1Kings
20:14,
15,
17,
19.
Lamentations
1:1.
Ezekiel
19:8.
iii.
mikreh,
"event",
or happening,
chapter
2:14,
15;
3:19
(that which befalleth),
and
9:2,
3.
But it is found in
Ruth
2:3;
and
1Samuel
6:9;
20:26.
iv.
shalat,
"have rule",
chapter
2:19.
But the word
is found in
Psalm
119:133,
and a derivative
of it even in
Genesis
42:6.
v.
hephez,
"purpose",
chapter
3:1,
17;
5:4,
8;
8:6;
12:1,
10.
But it is found in
1Samuel
15:22,
where it is rendered
"delight";
also
18:25.
2Samuel
22:20
(the verb).
1Kings
5:8,
9,
10;
9:11;
10:13;
where it is rendered
"desire".
Even in
Job
21:21;
22:3;
where it is rendered
"pleasure".
In Isaiah
53:10
"pleasure"
evidently means what
Jehovah has been
pleased to purpose.
Compare
Isaiah
44:28;
46:10.
vi.
soph,
"the end",
chapter
3:11;
7:2;
12:13
(conclusion).
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This is found in
2Chronicles
20:16.
Joel
2:20,
where it is rendered
"hinder part".
The verb is found in
Numbers
22:30,
30,
and repeatedly in
Job.
vii.
takaph,
"prevail",
chapter
4:12;
but the only two other
places where it occurs are
Job
14:20
and
15:24.
viii.
misken,
"poor",
chapter
4:13;
9:15,
15,
16;
but the derivative
of it is found in
Deuteronomy
8:9.
ix.
nekasim,
"wealth",
chapter
5:19;
6:2.
This is found
as early as
Joshua
22:8.
2Chronicles
1:11,
12.
x.
'amad,
"stand",
"appear",
chapter
8:3.
This occurs in
Genesis
18:8,
22;
19:27;
24:30;
41:1,
17;
43:15.
Exodus
9:10;
14:19;
18:13;
20:18,
21,
etc.;
Leviticus
19:16.
xi.
kasher,
"prosper",
chapter
10:10
(profitable);
11:6
(prosper).
But it is found in
Psalm
68:6,
where
"with chains"
should perhaps be rendered
"into prosperity".
xii.
zua',
"tremble",
chapter
12:3.
But we find it in
Habakkuk
2:7
("vex"),
and its derivative
zeva'ah,
Isaiah
28:19.
Jeremiah
15:4;
24:9.
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These examples will be sufficient to show how slender is the argument on which an objection so grave, and a conclusion so premature, is based. Some of the references given above may be later, of course, than the true date of Ecclesiastes; nevertheless, they are all much earlier than the alleged date, which is about 200 B.C. or less. |
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